Evaluation of the Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobium Strains Applied to Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) Stirton
Omar Zennouhi *
Research Team “Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources”, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
Abderrazak Rfaki
Research Team “Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources”, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco and National Center for Scientific and Technical Research, Rabat, Morocco.
Mohamed El Mderssa
Research Team “Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources”, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco.
Jamal Ibijbijen
Research Team “Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources”, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco.
Laila Nassiri
Research Team “Environment and Valorization of Microbial and Plant Resources”, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation by different rhizobacteria on Bituminaria bituminosa plants grown under greenhouse conditions.
Study Design: An experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Biology (Environment and valorization of microbial and plant resources Unit), Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University-Meknes, from November 2019 to February 2020.
Methodology: Eleven species and/or isolates belonging to Rhizobium genus are used to inoculate B. bituminosa plants; similarly, fresh and dry crushed nodules previously collected from B. bituminosa shrubs are tested. The bacterial inoculation effects are evaluated through the estimation of inoculated plants’ fresh and dry shoots weight, root dry weight, total nitrogen, nodules number and fresh weight in comparison to non-inoculated plants. The infectivity and efficiency of the bacteria and the biological nitrogen fixation are also evaluated.
Results: The results enable us to select the infective strains on the basis of their positive effect on growth and total nitrogen, in order to produce inoculum for B. bituminosa. Efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation are also very high compared to the control, especially with the B.b1 strain isolated from Bituminaria bituminosa and identified as Rhizobium tibeticum. The fresh nodules crushing is also very efficient. as inoculant.
Conclusion: The use of symbiotic complex as Rhizobium tibeticum – Bituminaria bituminosa or an inoculum produced from fresh nodules are an eco-friendly alternative for the design of sylvo-pastoral systems ensuring increased soil fertility, fodder productivity and sustainable agroforestry.
Keywords: Bituminous clover, Rhizobacteria, inoculation, infectivity, nitrogen fixation, fodder, sustainability