Optimization of Mycological Media Using Agro Waste for the Production of Antimicrobial Substance
Evangeline Ogonna Okpalauwaekwe *
Department of Biological Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Chinelo Ursula Umedum
Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Ikechukwu Harmony Iheukwumere
Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Leona Chisara Akakuru
Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: This present study was conducted to optimize mycological media using agro waste for the production of antimicrobial substance.
Place and Duration of Study: Agro waste (sugarcane and sweet potato, sugarcane and jack fruit) collected within Anambra state between February- August 2019.
Methodology: Sugarcane and sweet potato (AMSSP), sugarcane and jack fruit (AMSJ) were peeled and the peels were air-dried and then ground into powdered form. 10 g each of the agro waste samples was weighed into 400 ml of distilled water in 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask and allowed for 7 days, after which the mixture was filtered.
Then 200 ml of the filtrate was used.
The experimental conditions were optimized by using agro wastes (20/80 and 50/50 concentrations) as a culture medium, altering the temperature (30ºC and 37ºC), pH (5, 6, 7, 8, and 9), as well as the carbon and nitrogen source (glucose and NaNO3). The fungi used were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fischeri, Aspergillus aculeatus and Aspergillus fumigatus.
Results: Various agro wastes medium AMSSP and AMSJ were formulated as mycological media and the growth and nutritional conditions were optimized to ascertain antimicrobial substance production using some fungal isolates. Based on different concentrations Aspergillus fumigatus showed a promising zone of inhibition on AMSSP at a concentration of 20/80 while in AMSJ the concentration the 50/50 showed a maximum zone of inhibition on Aspergillus fumigatus ascertaining the presence of antimicrobial substance. AMSSP was able to produce maximum antimicrobial substance when supplemented with 1.0% glucose, 1.0% NaNO3 at pH 7 and at temperature of 30 ± 2ºC.
Conclusion: Agro wastes from AMSSP as well as from AMSJ contain nutrients that may support fungal growth. Maximum antimicrobial substance production is enhanced when supplemented with 1.0% of the carbon and nitrogen source at a pH of 7 and at a temperature of 30 ± 2ºC.
Keywords: Agro waste, antimicrobial agent, optimization, zones of inhibition.