Trends of Antibacterial Interactions in Multidrug – Resistant Isolates: Exploring Resistance Phenotypes in the Ndé Division, West-Cameroon
Vanessa Ornella Alactio Tangueu *
School of Biomedical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Cameroon, Laboratory of Microbiology, Université des Montagnes Teaching Hospital, Cameroon and Center for Research on Health and Priority Diseases, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Cameroon.
O’Neal Dorsel Youté
School of Biomedical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Cameroon and Laboratory of Microbiology, Université des Montagnes Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.
Blandine Pulchérie Tamatcho Kweyang
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Vanessa Flora Yomi Nana
School of Biomedical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Cameroon and Laboratory of Microbiology, Université des Montagnes Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.
Pierre René Fotsing Kwetche
School of Biomedical Sciences, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Cameroon and Laboratory of Microbiology, Université des Montagnes Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Reliable pieces of information concerning bacterial-antibiotic interactions are key assets for therapeutic management of bacterial diseases.
Objective: The present study aimed at detecting phenotypic characteristics of bacterial resistance in multidrug-resistant isolates recovered from clinical specimens at the “Université des Montagnes” Teaching Hospital.
Methods: The total of 226 isolates (142 Gram-negative rods and 84 Gram-positive cocci) were subjected to phenotypic screening of resistance mechanisms. All procedural steps were conducted according to standard protocols on bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics.
Results: Primary pieces of information revealed high rates of resistant isolates, especially with beta-lactams and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole while Nitrofurantoin and Imipenem were most effective. Amongst Gram-negative rods, 56% expressed one enzymatic resistance mechanism and 12% expressed two against beta-lactams. Also, with extended spectrum beta-lactamases, high level cephalosporinases and inducible cephalosporinases most commonly observed. About 62% and 14% of Gram-positive cocci expressed constitutive and Clindamycin-inducible resistance, respectively. Decreased susceptibility to Ceftriaxone and Penicillin G was also recorded in suspect mutant isolates selected by these antibiotics. Potential synergetic and other antagonistic interactions were evenly detected.
Conclusion: Overall, the data could represent reliable clue for advocacy about personalized combination therapy, then capacity building for routine affordable susceptibility tests in caretaking.
Keywords: Antibiotics combination, bacteria, multidrug-resistant, resistance mechanisms