Antimicrobial Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae -ESBL Producing Strains Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Abidjan (Cote de Ivoire)
Joel Eric Tahou *
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Laboratory of Genetics, Félix Houphouët Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Nathalie Kouadio Guessennd
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Laboratory of Genetics, Félix Houphouët Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Paulin Didier Sokouri
Laboratory of Genetics, Félix Houphouët Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Valérie Gbonon
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Fernique Konan
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Jules Kouadio
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Karine Kossia Gba
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Baguy Mohamed Ouattara
Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. and Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nangui Abrogoua University, Côte d'Ivoire.
Simon-Pierre Assanvo N’guetta
Laboratory of Genetics, Félix Houphouët Boigny University, Côte d'Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The objective of this study is to detect the prevalence of qnr genes in broad-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, involved in hospital and community-acquired infections.
Study Design: It is a retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Bacteriology and virology laboratorie of Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Methodology: From January 2011 to June 2016, 350 Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from various clinical specimens and identified by conventional bacteriological tests. Antibiotic resistance (beta-lactams, quinolones and aminoglycosides) and detection of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases were assessed by the diffusion method and the synergy test, respectively. Molecular characterization of quinolone resistance genes (qnr A, qnr B and qnr S) was performed by the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: Of the 350 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, 91(26%) were detected as ESBL producer, 36.2% (n=33) recovered from urine, 24.2% (n=22) from pus and 20.8% (n=19) from blood culture respectively. 46(33%) strains were idenifed to carry qnr genes, qnrB predominate 33(71%), followed by qnr 12(26.1%) and qnrA 1(2.2%). The strains exhibited high resistance to most of the agents tested, expect imipemen, low resistance to amikacin 4.1%, moderate to cefoxitin 31.8% and 54.9% with amoxicillin-clauvanic acid.
Conclusion: Although these observed prevalences are small proportions, this can be seen as a warning signal for the future. The emergence and dissemination of resistance genes in Côte d'Ivoire could pose a public health problem. Thus, the establishment of a relevant resistance surveillance policy to better control the circulation of multidrug-resistant strains is necessary.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumonia, genes, resistance, quinolone, beta-lactamase, emergence