Evaluation of CD4 T Lymphocyte Cell Levels among Hepatitis B, C and E Viruses Negative Individuals in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria
M. O. Adewumi
Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
E. C. Omoruyi
Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
I. M. Ifeorah
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
A. S. Bakarey
Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
A. O. Ogunwale
Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, Oyo State, Nigeria.
A. Akere
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
T. O. C. Faleye *
Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
J. A. Adeniji
Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The CD4 T lymphocytes play a key role in achieving a regulated effective immune response to foreign antigens. It is also a valuable parameter for assessing HIV disease progression. However, variations in CD4 T lymphocyte values due to diverse factors have been reported. Here we evaluated CD4 T lymphocytes among community dwellers who tested negative for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and hepatitis E viruses and compared the results with the National Reference Values (NRVs).
Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were enrolled using a convenient sampling technique and their socio-demographic characteristics were captured by administration of semi-structured questionnaires.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted among residents of Ibadan metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria. Participants were enrolled between July and September, 2013 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan.
Methodology: Four hundred consenting participants who fulfilled the criteria for enrolment were evaluated for CD4 T lymphocyte counts.
Results: Estimated mean CD4 T lymphocyte count of 1,183 (CD4 Range: 328-2680) cells/µl of blood was recorded for the participants. Four (1.0%), 151 (37.8%), 157 (39.2%), 74 (18.5), and 14 (3.5) of the participants had CD4 T lymphocyte count ranged 352-500, 501-1,000, 1,001-1500, 1501-2,000, and >2,000 cells/µl of blood, respectively. Differences in the estimated mean CD4 count between different age groups varied significantly (P=0.010).
Conclusion: In this study, significantly higher CD4 T lymphocyte values were observed among the study population in comparison to the NRVs, and consequently we advise careful interpretation and use of extrapolated CD4 T lymphocyte values in the management of persons with diverse geographical background or health conditions.
Keywords: CD4 T lymphocyte, HBV, HCV, HEV, HIV, Nigeria