Biotypes and Enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococci Isolated from Camel’s Meat in Jordan
Akram R. Alaboudi
Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Ziad W. Jaradat *
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Mahmoud M. Shatnawi
Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A total of 264 camel’s meat and nasal swab samples were collected for isolation and typing of Staphylococci from Irbid Governorate in northern Jordan. About 97 % and 85% of meat and nasal swabs samples showed typical colonies of Staphylococcus aureus on Baird-Parker agar respectively. Out of 243 presumptively identified isolates, only 74 and 64 were confirmed as S. aureus by Microbact system and PCR technique respectively. About 67% of the isolates were typable by Devriese’s scheme. Fifteen of those isolates (23%) were specifically allocated to human, bovine, ovine or abattoir where, 14% of these host specific isolates belonged to human biovar. The other 44% belonged to non-host specific biovars with majority of them were allocated to NHS1 biovar. When tested for the presence of toxin genes, 71.9% of S. aureus isolates had SE(s) genes with SEA being the most prominent at 91.3%. The study also showed that not only coagulase positive isolates contain toxin genes, coagulase negative isolates also possess toxin genes and thus are considered potential hazards in camel’s meat.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, biotyping, enterotoxins, Jordan